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Gonorrhea

Bacterial

Gonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 


It can infect the genitals, rectum, and throat, and if left untreated, it can lead to serious health complications.

Who's at risk?

Anyone who is sexually active can contract gonorrhea, but certain factors can increase the risk, including:


  • Having multiple sexual partners

  • Engaging in unprotected sex

  • Having a history of other STIs

What are the symptoms?

Gonorrhea can cause different symptoms in men and women, and some individuals may not experience any symptoms at all.


For Men:

  • Painful or burning sensation when urinating

  • White, yellow, or green discharge from the penis

  • Pain or swelling in the testicles (in rare cases)

For Women:

  • Painful or burning sensation when urinating

  • Increased vaginal discharge

  • Vaginal bleeding between periods

  • Painful intercourse

  • Abdominal or pelvic pain (in severe cases)

For Both Men and Women:

  • Rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding (if the infection is in the rectum)

  • Sore throat (if the infection is in the throat)

How is it diagnosed?

Gonorrhea is diagnosed through laboratory testing of samples taken from the infected area. This may involve a urine test, swabbing the throat or rectum, or taking a swab from the cervix in women.

How is it treated?

Gonorrhea is treatable with antibiotics. The standard treatment usually  involves a single dose of antibiotics, but in some cases, a longer course may be necessary.

What happens if this is left untreated?

Untreated gonorrhea can lead to serious long-term health problems, including:

  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women

  • Infertility in both men and women

  • Increased risk of HIV infection

  • Complications during pregnancy, including miscarriage and premature birth

What precautions can you take?

Preventing gonorrhea involves adopting safe sex practices:

  • Condoms: Use condoms consistently and correctly during vaginal, anal, and oral sex to reduce the risk.

  • Regular STI Screenings: Regular check-ups are essential, especially if you have multiple partners or a new partner.

  • Communication: Open and honest discussions with sexual partners about STIs and sexual health.

  • Limit Sexual Partners: Reducing the number of sexual partners can lower your risk.

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