Sexually Transmitted Infections
Our guide offers a comprehensive overview of various STIs, empowering you with knowledge on recognition, management, and seeking appropriate medical care. Whether you're noticing unusual symptoms or seeking preventative information, we're here to provide clarity and support for your sexual health.
What are sexually transmitted infections?
STIs are infections transmitted through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites or other organisms, with potential serious health consequences if left untreated.
Common examples include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Practicing safe sex through condom use, regular screenings, and open communication with partners is crucial. If you suspect an STI, prompt medical attention is imperative.
Viral STIs
A viral sexually transmitted infection is contracted through various forms of sexual activity, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex, and can be transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids like blood, semen, or vaginal secretions, from one person to another.
Bacterial STIs
Bacterial STIs include infections like chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis. These types of infections can be treated with antibiotics. If you have a bacterial STI, your doctor will likely prescribe you medicine to take to cure the infection.
For patients who may have Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis or BV (Bacterial Vaginosis), please call 020 8686 7401.
Parasitic STIs
Parasitic STIs encompass a variety of infections such as trichomoniasis, pubic lice (crabs), and scabies. These infections are caused by parasites that can be transmitted through sexual contact or infested bedding and clothing. Unlike bacterial STIs, parasitic STIs often require specific treatments such as antiparasitic medications or topical creams. If you suspect you may have a parasitic STI, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly.
De-STI-gmatise:
Learn About STIs
Understanding sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is crucial for your health and well-being. In this section, you'll find concise, essential information about various STIs. Click on the links for each STI to discover comprehensive details on symptoms, treatments, and prevention. Empower yourself with knowledge and take control of your sexual health.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Viral
HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. HPV infections can occur even with the absence of visible symptoms, making it easy to unknowingly transmit the virus to sexual partners.
Mycoplasma
Bacterial
Mycoplasma infections can be transmitted through various routes, depending on the type of bacteria involved. Mycoplasma pneumoniae, for example, is transmitted through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, while Mycoplasma genitalium is primarily transmitted through sexual contact.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Viral
Hepatitis C is transmitted through exposure to infected blood. Common modes of transmission include:
Sharing needles or syringes among injection drug users
Receiving blood transfusions or organ transplants from infected donors (though this is rare now due to screening)
Needlestick injuries in healthcare settings
Less commonly, transmission can occur through sexual contact or from mother to baby during childbirth.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Viral
Hepatitis B is transmitted through exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids. Common modes of transmission include:
Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person
Sharing needles or syringes among injection drug users
Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth
Contact with infected blood or bodily fluids in healthcare settings
Less commonly, transmission can occur through sharing personal items such as razors or toothbrushes with an infected person.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Viral
HIV is transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids, including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Common modes of transmission include:
Unprotected sexual contact with an infected person
Sharing needles or syringes among injection drug users
Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth or breastfeeding
Contact with infected blood in healthcare settings
Genital Warts (caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus, HPV)
Viral
Genital warts are highly contagious and are transmitted through skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. It's important to note that even if someone does not have visible warts, they can still transmit the virus to others.
Genital Herpes (caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2)
Viral
Genital herpes is highly contagious and is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person. It can also be spread through skin-to-skin contact during oral, vaginal, or anal sex, even if the infected person does not have visible symptoms.
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What is sexual health?Sexual health refers to the physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being related to sexuality. It encompasses a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the ability to have pleasurable and safe sexual experiences.Sexual health refers to the physical, emotional, mental, and social well-being related to sexuality. It encompasses a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the ability to have pleasurable and safe sexual experiences.
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Why is sexual health important?Sexual health is important for overall well-being and quality of life. It promotes healthy relationships, prevents sexually transmitted infections (STIs), supports reproductive health, and contributes to emotional and psychological well-being.
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What does a sexual health clinic do?Sexual health clinics provide a range of services, including STI testing and treatment, contraception counseling and provision, sexual health education, and support for sexual and reproductive health concerns.
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Who should get tested for STIs?Anyone who is sexually active or has been sexually active in the past should consider getting tested for STIs, regardless of age, gender, or sexual orientation.
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How often should I get tested for STIs?The frequency of STI testing depends on individual risk factors, including sexual activity, number of sexual partners, and condom use. It is recommended to discuss testing frequency with a healthcare provider.
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What should I expect during a sexual health screening?During a sexual health screening, you can expect to provide a urine sample, blood sample, and/or genital swab. You may also have a consultation with a healthcare provider to discuss your sexual history and any concerns.
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How long does a sexual health screening take?The duration of a sexual health screening appointment varies but typically takes around 30 minutes to an hour, including consultation and testing.
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Is sexual health screening confidential?Yes, sexual health screening is confidential. Healthcare providers are legally and ethically bound to maintain patient confidentiality, and your test results will not be shared without your permission.
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How accurate are STI tests?STI tests are generally accurate, but the accuracy can vary depending on the type of test and the timing of the test in relation to exposure to an STI. It's essential to follow any specific instructions provided
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What are the symptoms of common STIs?Common symptoms of STIs include abnormal genital discharge, genital sores or ulcers, pain or discomfort during urination or sex, itching or irritation in the genital area, and flu-like symptoms such as fever and body aches.
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Can I have an STI without showing symptoms?Yes, many STIs can be asymptomatic, meaning you may have an STI without experiencing any noticeable symptoms. Regular STI testing is essential to detect and treat infections, even in the absence of symptoms.
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What should I do if I experience symptoms of an STI?If you experience symptoms of an STI, such as genital discharge, sores, or pain, it's essential to seek medical attention promptly. Contact your healthcare provider or visit a sexual health clinic for evaluation and testing.
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How can I tell if I have herpes?Herpes infection can cause painful blisters or sores on or around the genitals or mouth. If you suspect you have herpes, it's essential to see a healthcare provider for evaluation and testing.
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What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?Symptoms of HIV/AIDS may include fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, rash, headache, muscle aches, and unintentional weight loss. Advanced HIV infection may lead to opportunistic infections and other complications.
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How long do STI symptoms typically last?The duration of STI symptoms varies depending on the type of infection and individual factors. Some symptoms may resolve on their own, while others may persist or worsen without treatment.
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Can I have more than one STI at a time?Yes, it is possible to have multiple STIs simultaneously. Having one STI does not provide immunity against others, so it's essential to get tested for a comprehensive range of infections.
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What are the long-term effects of untreated STIs?Untreated STIs can lead to serious complications, including infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, cervical cancer, and an increased risk of HIV transmission. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications.
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What are the most effective methods of preventing STIs?The most effective methods of preventing STIs include abstinence, consistent and correct condom use, mutual monogamy with an uninfected partner, and vaccination for certain infections such as HPV and hepatitis B.
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How can I reduce my risk of contracting an STI?You can reduce your risk of contracting STIs by practicing safe sex, using condoms consistently and correctly, limiting your number of sexual partners, and avoiding high-risk sexual behaviors such as unprotected sex and sharing needles.
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Are condoms 100% effective at preventing STIs?Condoms are highly effective at reducing the risk of STI transmission when used consistently and correctly. However, they are not 100% effective, and there is still a small risk of transmission, particularly for infections spread through skin-to-skin contact.
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Can I still get an STI if I use condoms?While condoms provide significant protection against STIs, including HIV and gonorrhea, they may not fully protect against infections transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, such as herpes and HPV. Using condoms consistently and correctly can reduce but not eliminate the risk of transmission.
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Should I get vaccinated against STIs?Vaccination is recommended for certain STIs, including HPV and hepatitis B. Vaccination can prevent infection and reduce the risk of associated complications, such as cervical cancer and liver disease.
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How can I talk to my partner about STI testing and protection?Open and honest communication with your partner about STI testing and protection is essential for maintaining sexual health. Approach the conversation with empathy, honesty, and a focus on mutual well-being.
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Can I get an STI from oral sex?Yes, STIs can be transmitted through oral sex, including infections such as herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV. Using condoms or dental dams during oral sex can reduce the risk of transmission.
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How are STIs diagnosed?STIs are diagnosed through various methods, including physical examination, laboratory tests on blood, urine, or genital swabs, and symptom assessment. Testing methods may vary depending on the type of infection and individual circumstances.
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What types of tests are used for STI screening?STI screening may involve blood tests, urine tests, genital swabs, or a combination of these methods, depending on the suspected infection and individual risk factors. Rapid tests and laboratory-based tests are commonly used for diagnosis.
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What should I do if my STI test comes back positive?If your STI test comes back positive, it's essential to follow up with your healthcare provider for further evaluation, treatment, and counseling. Treatment options vary depending on the type of infection and individual circumstances.
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How are STIs treated?STIs are typically treated with antibiotics, antiviral medications, or other specific treatments depending on the type of infection. Treatment aims to cure the infection, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications. It's essential to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed and follow any additional recommendations from your healthcare provider.
Where to find us?
Our clinic is located within Urban Medi Spa -
301-305 High Street,
Croydon,
CR0 1QL
Tel: 020 8686 7401
Email: info@urbansexualhealth.co.uk
Opening Times
Mon - 10:00 - 18:00
Tue - 10:00 - 18:00
Wed - 10:00 - 18:00
Thu - 10:00 - 18:00
Fri - 10:00 - 18:00
Sat - 10:00 - 18:00
Sun - 10:00 - 18:00